Which type of soft tissue graft has the least shrinkage?

• A. Vascularized interposition connective tissue graft
• B. Free gingival graft
• C. Subepithelial connective tissue graft
• D. Split-thickness skin graft

Answer: (A)

The vascularized interposition connective tissue graft is characterized by its ability to retain a greater volume and dimension compared to other types of grafts. This is largely due to the fact that it is not only composed of connective tissue but also retains its blood supply, which is critical for maintaining cell viability and promoting healing. Having a blood supply allows for better nutritional support and reduces the likelihood of ischemic changes that can lead to shrinkage after the graft has been placed.

In contrast, grafts such as the free gingival graft and the subepithelial connective tissue graft are more prone to shrinkage as they often have less vascularity once they are transplanted, especially if they are not closely integrated with the recipient site. Even though the subepithelial connective tissue graft tends to have better outcomes than the free gingival graft due to its positioning beneath the epithelium, it still does not retain the same volume as a vascularized graft.

The split-thickness skin graft, while vascularized, may also experience significant contraction, particularly in areas of high tension, and does not have the same native tissue properties to resist shrinkage as the vascularized interposition graft does.

Overall, due to its vascularity and resulting blood supply, the vascular